Digital quantum simulation of lattice fermion theories with local encoding

Quantum 8, 1460 (2024).

https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-09-04-1460

We numerically analyze the feasibility of a platform-neutral, general strategy to perform quantum simulations of fermionic lattice field theories under open boundary conditions. The digital quantum simulator requires solely one- and two-qubit gates and is scalable since integrating each Hamiltonian term requires a finite (non-scaling) cost. The exact local fermion encoding we adopt relies on auxiliary $mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge fields by adding a pure gauge Hamiltonian term akin to the Toric Code. By numerically emulating the quantum simulator real-time dynamics, we observe a timescale separation for spin- and charge-excitations in a spin-$frac{1}{2}$ Hubbard ladder in the $t-J$ model limit.