Coherent information of a quantum channel or its complement is generically positive

Quantum 6, 775 (2022).

https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-08-11-775

The task of determining whether a given quantum channel has positive capacity to transmit quantum information is a fundamental open problem in quantum information theory. In general, the coherent information needs to be computed for an unbounded number of copies of a channel in order to detect a positive value of its quantum capacity. However, in this paper, we show that the coherent information of a $textit{single copy}$ of a $textit{randomly selected channel}$ is positive almost surely if the channel’s output space is larger than its environment. Hence, in this case, a single copy of the channel typically suffices to determine positivity of its quantum capacity. Put differently, channels with zero coherent information have measure zero in the subset of channels for which the output space is larger than the environment. On the other hand, if the environment is larger than the channel’s output space, identical results hold for the channel’s complement.